Edward Sapir publica, en 1921, su libro “El lenguaje”.
En el capítulo I, “Introducción: definición de lenguaje”, dice: “El lenguaje es un método exclusivamente humano, y no instintivo, de comunicar ideas emociones y deseos por medio de un sistema de símbolos producidos de manera deliberada. Estos símbolos son, ante todo, auditivos, y son producidos por los llamados “órganos del habla”.
Cómo estudiarlo:
El lenguaje es un método: caracterizar “método”
Exclusivamente humano: esta expresión no niega otros lenguajes, delimita el concepto y lo restringe a la especie “humana”.
No instintivo: implica “aprendizaje”, implica considerar al hombre como ser social.
Comunicar: se le establece una función al lenguaje. (Volveremos al tema FUNCIONES cuando se estudie a Kart Bûhler y a Roman Jakobson).
Lo comunicable: ideas, emociones y deseos (se invita a pensar un mensaje que no contenga ideas, emociones y/o deseos).
Por medio de un sistema de símbolos: vamos a considerar un “sistema de signos”; este sistema está compuesto por aspectos morfológicos, sintácticos, léxicos, fonológicos, semánticos. Los estudiaremos junto a la pragmática.
Producidos de manera deliberada: para producir un acto de habla se necesita la intervención de la voluntad.
Estos símbolos son, ante todo, auditivos, (signos lingüísticos), y son producidos por los llamados “órganos del habla”. (Recordar las cuerdas vocales, son exclusivas).
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"El lenguaje es una cosnstrucción social nacesaria, que evolucina a lo largo de la historia, es pura y exclusivamente humana. Por ende esta sujeta a la disposición de las generaciones venideras; púes enriquecerlo será nuestra tarea, a la cual debemos dedicar la vida."
Su alumno Liber
P.D. Quizá no sea así.
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